Study Links Night-Time Light Pollution to Alzheimer's Risk

A new study from Rush University Medical Center, USA, has linked night-time light pollution from streetlights and illuminated signs with a heightened risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. This research, published in Frontiers in Neuroscience, emphasizes how disturbances to sleep patterns and disruptions to individuals' biological clocks, caused by exposure to artificial light at night, may play a significant role in triggering Alzheimer's disease.

The researchers analyzed light pollution maps from 48 U.S. states alongside medical records. They found that among individuals aged 65 and older, Alzheimer's disease showed a strong correlation with nightly light pollution, surpassing other factors like depression and obesity. In those under 65, the intensity of night-time light exposure had an even stronger association with the onset of Alzheimer's disease compared to any other factor.

Dementia, primarily Alzheimer's, is a neurological condition characterized by memory loss, impaired thinking, and decision-making, progressively leading to deteriorated daily functioning. The known risk factors for Alzheimer's disease include conditions like diabetes, hypertension, and depression. However, this new study suggests that light pollution may be an additional environmental risk.

Robin Voigt-Zuwala, an associate professor at Rush University, stated that specific genotypes, which influence early-onset Alzheimer's disease, might heighten sensitivity to night-time light exposure. The study indicates that younger individuals living in urban settings may face higher exposure levels due to their lifestyle.

The study concluded that light pollution, by disturbing sleep cycles and increasing inflammation in the body, could significantly contribute to the progression of Alzheimer's disease. However, more studies are needed to fully understand the combined effects of both indoor and outdoor light exposure on the development of the condition.

By addressing these factors, scientists hope to provide further insights into potential preventive measures for Alzheimer’s, especially in younger populations living in urban areas.